Subject: Polity
Article 301 of the Constitution guarantees the freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse among the States. This article is fundamental in creating a unified national market by eliminating internal trade barriers. It ensures that goods, services, and capital can move freely across state boundaries, thereby promoting economic integration and efficiency.
Legislative and judicial measures have reinforced this principle, ensuring that States do not impose arbitrary restrictions that could disrupt the flow of commerce. This open market system is essential for fostering competitive markets, innovation, and overall economic growth.
The clear mandate provided by Article 301 has been pivotal in shaping India's economic policies and in driving the integration of regional economies into a single national framework.