New Directive Principles

Over time, the interpretation of the Directive Principles has evolved to address contemporary challenges. While the original text of Part IV has not been substantially amended, judicial interpretations and policy initiatives have effectively given rise to “new” Directive Principles addressing issues such as environmental protection, sustainable development, and the rights of marginalized communities.

These emerging interpretations reflect the dynamic nature of the Constitution and the evolving expectations of society, ensuring that the spirit of the Directive Principles remains relevant in modern governance.