NITI Aayog

NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) was established in 2015 to replace the erstwhile Planning Commission. Its creation marked a shift from a centralized planning model to a more cooperative federalism approach, where states are active partners in policy formulation. The rationale behind its formation is to foster a competitive and cooperative environment among states, encourage innovation, and ensure that policies are tailored to local needs.

The Aayog is composed of a Governing Council that includes all state Chief Ministers and Lt. Governors, along with a Vice-Chairman appointed by the Prime Minister. It also has several specialized wings and experts in diverse fields such as agriculture, health, and technology. These wings work on specific issues to provide technical advice to both the central and state governments.

Its objectives include promoting sustainable development, reducing regional imbalances, and improving the efficiency of government programs. The functions of NITI Aayog range from policy formulation and strategic planning to monitoring and evaluation of projects. Its guiding principles emphasize transparency, evidence-based decision-making, and cooperative federalism. Despite its achievements, the Aayog has faced criticism regarding its limited powers and the challenge of influencing state-level policies. Attached offices like the erstwhile Planning Commission and the National Development Council have been replaced, reflecting a modern, dynamic approach to governance.

Overall, NITI Aayog plays a pivotal role in shaping India’s developmental strategy in a rapidly changing economic environment.