Topic Details (Notes format)

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Proposes distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches, preventing concentration of power. While India does not practice absolute separation—functioning instead with overlapping roles—courts have maintained checks (through judicial review), the legislature can question the executive, and the executive can issue ordinances. The system ensures each organ respects the sphere of the others. Landmark judgments (Indira Gandhi vs Raj Narain) reinforced institutional independence. Critics note that too much overlap can foster friction or confusion, but properly balanced, it safeguards democracy from authoritarian tendencies. Recognizing these nuances is crucial for understanding India’s constitutional design and checks-and-balances framework.

Practice Questions

राष्ट्रपति के लिए योग्यता मानदंड किस अनुच्छेद में वर्णित हैं?

Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?

न्यायिक समीक्षा मुख्यतः किन के खिलाफ की जाती है?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Indian Parliament?

भारत का राष्ट्रपति किस प्रक्रिया द्वारा चुना जाता है?

Who is the first citizen of India?

राज्यों के बीच शक्तियों का संतुलन किस सिद्धांत पर आधारित है?

What is the term of office of a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA)?

कार्यपालिका के प्रमुख का चुनाव किसके द्वारा किया जाता है?

राज्यसभा के सदस्यों का चुनाव किस प्रकार से होता है?