Topic Details (Notes format)

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Proposes distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches, preventing concentration of power. While India does not practice absolute separation—functioning instead with overlapping roles—courts have maintained checks (through judicial review), the legislature can question the executive, and the executive can issue ordinances. The system ensures each organ respects the sphere of the others. Landmark judgments (Indira Gandhi vs Raj Narain) reinforced institutional independence. Critics note that too much overlap can foster friction or confusion, but properly balanced, it safeguards democracy from authoritarian tendencies. Recognizing these nuances is crucial for understanding India’s constitutional design and checks-and-balances framework.

Practice Questions

राष्ट्रपति के आदेशों को निरस्त करने का अधिकार किसके पास है?

लोकसभा का चुनाव किस प्रकार से होता है?

राज्यपाल के कर्तव्य किस अनुच्छेद में दिए गए हैं?

What is the maximum number of members in the Rajya Sabha?

मौलिक अधिकारों की सुरक्षा के लिए नागरिकों को कौन सा अधिकार प्रदान किया गया है?

राज्यसभा के सदस्यों का चुनाव किस प्रकार से होता है?

Which of the following is a Fundamental Duty under the Indian Constitution?

Who can remove the President of India from office?

Who among the following appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India?

Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?