Topic Details (Notes format)

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Proposes distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches, preventing concentration of power. While India does not practice absolute separation—functioning instead with overlapping roles—courts have maintained checks (through judicial review), the legislature can question the executive, and the executive can issue ordinances. The system ensures each organ respects the sphere of the others. Landmark judgments (Indira Gandhi vs Raj Narain) reinforced institutional independence. Critics note that too much overlap can foster friction or confusion, but properly balanced, it safeguards democracy from authoritarian tendencies. Recognizing these nuances is crucial for understanding India’s constitutional design and checks-and-balances framework.

Practice Questions

लोकसभा का कार्यकाल कितने वर्षों का होता है?

लोकसभा के सदस्यों के लिए न्यूनतम योग्यता क्या है?

भारतीय न्यायपालिका की स्वतंत्रता का मूल सिद्धांत क्या है?

संसद सदस्यों का वेतन का निर्धारण किसकी स्वीकृति से होता है?

Who is the head of the government in India?

केंद्रीय मंत्री की संख्या किस पर निर्भर करती है?

Which of the following is a power of the Vice President of India?

Who is responsible for the selection of the judges of the Supreme Court?

कार्यपालिका के प्रमुख के रूप में किसे नियुक्त किया जाता है?

Which of the following is a feature of the Indian Parliamentary System?