Topic Details (Notes format)

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Subject: General Science

Book: NCERT Physics Class 12

Particles exhibit both wave and particle properties.
- **Photoelectric Effect**:
- Einstein’s explanation.
- **de Broglie Hypothesis**:
- Matter waves.
- **Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle**:
- Limits of measurement.

**Possible Exam Questions:**
1. State Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
2. Derive de Broglie’s wavelength formula.
3. What is Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle?
4. How does the wave-particle duality explain quantum behavior?
5. Explain the experimental verification of de Broglie waves.

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