Subject: Economics
Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy
India’s foreign trade policies aim at boosting exports while ensuring essential imports (energy, technology) remain affordable. Export incentives range from duty drawbacks and export promotion schemes to special economic zones providing tax breaks. Diversification into non-traditional markets (Latin America, Africa) counters slowdown in major destinations (US, EU). Emerging areas like software services, pharmaceuticals, and engineering goods drive trade surpluses in some segments. Keep track of structural constraints like logistics, high transaction costs, and non-tariff barriers. In exams, highlight policy steps taken to integrate India into global value chains, leveraging trade agreements for better market access.
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