Subject: Polity
Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Though not explicitly mentioned, Article 19(1)(a) covers press freedom under the broader right to free speech. Courts have repeatedly upheld journalists’ right to report, investigate, and criticize. Restrictions, however, exist for defamation, contempt of court, national security, and public order. Parliament has enacted laws like the Press Council Act to maintain journalistic ethics, while defamation lawsuits or police actions can chill free expression. Contemporary concerns include sedition charges, licensing, and limitations on digital media. Nonetheless, a vibrant press is viewed as a “fourth pillar” of democracy, ensuring transparency in governance and shaping public opinion on policy matters.
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