Subject: Chemistry
Book: General Chemistry
Functional groups are specific groupings of atoms within molecules that determine characteristic chemical reactions. Examples include hydroxyl (–OH), carboxyl (–COOH), carbonyl (C=O), and amino (–NH2) groups. Identifying functional groups in organic compounds predicts reactivity patterns, guiding synthesis strategies. They are the cornerstone of organic nomenclature and classification (e.g., alcohols, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines).
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