Topic Details (Notes format)

Goods and Services Tax Council

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

A constitutional body formed under Article 279A following the 101st Amendment, unifying India’s indirect tax system under GST. Composed of the Union Finance Minister (Chair) and state Finance Ministers, the Council decides tax slabs, exemptions, and policy changes collaboratively. Decisions require a three-fourths majority vote, with the center having one-third weightage and states two-thirds. GST replaced multiple taxes (VAT, excise, service tax), simplifying trade, but challenges include revenue shortfalls in some states. The Council fosters cooperative federalism, as both center and states must align on reforms. Understanding its functioning is key to grasping India’s largest tax overhaul that impacts governance and fiscal health nationwide.

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