Subject: Mathematics
Book: Maths Mastery
Arithmetic sequences have a constant difference (d) between terms (e.g., 3, 7, 11, ...), while geometric sequences have a constant ratio (r) between terms (e.g., 3, 6, 12, 24, ...). You can test by subtracting consecutive terms for arithmetic or dividing consecutive terms for geometric. Recognizing the sequence type helps select the correct sum formula: Sₙ(arithmetic) = (n/2)(2a₁ + (n–1)d), Sₙ(geometric) = a₁(1–rⁿ)/(1–r). These sequences model linear and exponential growth, vital in finance (loan payments vs. compound interest) and advanced math topics (series expansions, signals).
The probability of rolling a sum of 7 with two dice is:
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