Topic Details (Notes format)

Inflation and Price Stability

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

Inflation reflects sustained price rises, eroding purchasing power. India faces both demand-pull (excess money supply) and cost-push (input cost spikes) inflation. RBI’s inflation-targeting approach (4% ± 2%) via the MPC guides policy rates to balance growth with price stability. Structural factors—like supply bottlenecks, agricultural dependence on monsoons—can cause food inflation. Concepts like WPI, CPI, and core inflation are frequently tested. Questions often link inflation to interest rates, fiscal deficits, and external factors (oil prices). Understanding the interplay between macro variables is essential for robust exam readiness.

Practice Questions

Which term refers to the decrease in the value of a currency relative to foreign currencies?

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What is the main aim of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India?

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

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What is meant by “stagflation”?

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What is the term for the ability of an economy to produce more output from the same inputs?

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What is “inflation targeting”?

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What does the term “elasticity of demand” measure?

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What is the purpose of the "Minimum Support Price" (MSP) in India?

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Which of the following sectors contributes the most to India’s GDP?

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What is “currency devaluation”?

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