Subject: Chemistry
Book: General Chemistry
Metal complexes form when metal ions bond to ligands—molecules or ions that donate electron pairs (e.g., NH3, Cl–). Coordination chemistry examines the structure, bonding (crystal field theory or ligand field theory), and reactivity of these complexes. They display diverse colors, magnetism, and catalytic properties. Applications span from biological systems (hemoglobin) to industrial catalysis (Wilkinson’s catalyst).
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