Topic Details (Notes format)

Migration, Urbanization, and Economic Development

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

India’s urbanization sees migration from rural areas seeking better employment. While cities drive GDP growth, they face congestion, slums, and infrastructure deficits. Schemes like Smart Cities Mission attempt integrated planning with emphasis on housing, sanitation, and public transport. Understanding push factors (agricultural stagnation) vs. pull factors (industry/services demand) is crucial. Students should link how rural-urban linkages evolve: remittances back to villages, skill mismatches in cities, and the need for inclusive urban policies. Exam answers often address how balanced regional development can reduce distressed migration while maximizing urban productivity.

Practice Questions

What is the main aim of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India?

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

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What is the main aim of the “Startup India” initiative?

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What is the term for the ability of an economy to produce more output from the same inputs?

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What is the objective of the Goods and Services Tax (GST)?

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What is a “repo rate”?

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Which of the following best describes “capital formation”?

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What is the Phillips Curve?

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What does “primary sector” of the economy include?

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What is the primary purpose of Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

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