Topic Details (Notes format)

Migration, Urbanization, and Economic Development

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

India’s urbanization sees migration from rural areas seeking better employment. While cities drive GDP growth, they face congestion, slums, and infrastructure deficits. Schemes like Smart Cities Mission attempt integrated planning with emphasis on housing, sanitation, and public transport. Understanding push factors (agricultural stagnation) vs. pull factors (industry/services demand) is crucial. Students should link how rural-urban linkages evolve: remittances back to villages, skill mismatches in cities, and the need for inclusive urban policies. Exam answers often address how balanced regional development can reduce distressed migration while maximizing urban productivity.

Practice Questions

Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?

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What does the “Phillips Curve” show?

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What is meant by “credit rating”?

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What is the meaning of “dumping” in international trade?

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What does the “Human Development Index” measure?

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Which of the following measures can reduce a trade deficit?

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What is the main aim of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India?

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What is “inclusive growth”?

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Which of the following factors is NOT included in the calculation of Human Development Index (HDI)?

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What does “inclusive banking” mean?

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