Topic Details (Notes format)

Migration, Urbanization, and Economic Development

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

India’s urbanization sees migration from rural areas seeking better employment. While cities drive GDP growth, they face congestion, slums, and infrastructure deficits. Schemes like Smart Cities Mission attempt integrated planning with emphasis on housing, sanitation, and public transport. Understanding push factors (agricultural stagnation) vs. pull factors (industry/services demand) is crucial. Students should link how rural-urban linkages evolve: remittances back to villages, skill mismatches in cities, and the need for inclusive urban policies. Exam answers often address how balanced regional development can reduce distressed migration while maximizing urban productivity.

Practice Questions

What is meant by “credit rating”?

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What is a “repo rate”?

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Which economic concept is described as “the next best alternative foregone”?

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What is the primary purpose of Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

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What is the main function of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)?

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Which of the following is NOT part of the World Bank Group?

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What is the term for the price at which demand and supply in a market are equal?

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What is meant by the term “current account deficit”?

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Which of the following factors is NOT included in the calculation of Human Development Index (HDI)?

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Which of the following is an example of fiscal policy?

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