Topic Details (Notes format)

Pressure Groups vs. Interest Groups

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Both influence policy but differ in approach. Interest groups primarily represent sectional interests (e.g., industry associations, labor unions) seeking favorable policies for their membership, while pressure groups may champion broader social causes (environment, consumer rights). In India, these groups often overlap, using lobbying, public campaigns, or litigation to shape decisions. The Constitution allows peaceful advocacy, but undisclosed funding and infiltration in political parties can corrupt policymaking. Understanding their tactics—strikes, media influences, petition drives—clarifies how civil society exerts checks on officialdom. Healthy democracies accommodate such lobbying if regulated, ensuring that policy outcomes reflect diverse stakeholder perspectives while preventing undue influence.

Practice Questions

संविधान संशोधन के प्रस्ताव किसके द्वारा प्रस्तुत किए जाते हैं?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Indian Constitution?

Which of the following is NOT a power of the Rajya Sabha?

भारतीय संसद में सर्वोच्च विधायी प्राधिकारी कौन है?

राज्यपाल के कर्तव्य किस अनुच्छेद में दिए गए हैं?

Who appoints the members of the Finance Commission of India?

किस संविधान संशोधन ने निर्वाचन प्रणाली में सुधार किया?

संविधान संशोधन की प्रक्रिया किस अनुच्छेद द्वारा नियंत्रित होती है?

Who is considered the "father of the Indian Constitution"?

कार्यपालिका के प्रमुख की नियुक्ति में अंतिम निर्णय किसके द्वारा होता है?