Topic Details (Notes format)

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

A legal innovation allowing any public-spirited individual or organization to file cases for societal welfare, especially addressing the voiceless. It led to pathbreaking reforms in environmental protection, human rights, and governance. PIL expanded the concept of “locus standi,” enabling courts to inquire into executive inaction. While it democratized access to justice, concerns rose about frivolous litigations clogging courts. Nonetheless, PIL remains vital for exposing corruption, safeguarding environmental concerns (like river pollution), and implementing directive principles on socio-economic justice. Its success depends on judicial vigilance and genuine petitions aimed at public good rather than personal vendettas.

Practice Questions

किस संविधान संशोधन ने निर्वाचन प्रणाली में सुधार किया?

In India, the power to declare war and peace is vested in which of the following?

Which of the following is the highest judicial authority in India?

Which article of the Indian Constitution allows the President to declare a National Emergency?

Which of the following is the longest serving Chief Minister in India?

Who can remove the President of India from office?

भारत का राष्ट्रपति किस प्रक्रिया द्वारा चुना जाता है?

न्यायिक समीक्षा का सिद्धांत किसके द्वारा समर्थित है?

संसदीय प्रश्न सत्र के दौरान प्रश्नों के उत्तर कौन देता है?

Which of the following is NOT a power of the President of India?