Topic Details (Notes format)

Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

PPP models unite government oversight with private investment and expertise to develop highways, airports, and metro rail systems. Contracts—like Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT)—share risks and rewards. The viability gap funding mechanism supports financially unviable but socially necessary projects. Exam questions often assess PPP’s track record, referencing successes (Delhi Airport T3) and failures (delays, cost overruns). Students should understand different concession agreements, risk allocation strategies, and dispute resolution frameworks. Balancing private profits with affordable public services remains a major policy challenge in infrastructure expansions.

Practice Questions

Which term refers to the decrease in the value of a currency relative to foreign currencies?

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What does “balance of trade” refer to?

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What is the Phillips Curve?

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Which of the following is an example of fiscal policy?

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Which of the following is a feature of monopolistic competition?

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Which of the following is NOT an example of a direct tax?

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What is the concept of “invisible hand” associated with?

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Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

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Which of the following measures is most effective in controlling inflation?

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What is the meaning of “dumping” in international trade?

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