Topic Details (Notes format)

Right to Environment: Judicial Expansions

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Rooted in Article 21’s interpretation that life implies a healthy environment. Case law (MC Mehta series) championed public trust doctrine, polluter pays principle, and precautionary principle. The apex court mandates environmental impact assessments and penalizes industries harming ecology. Directive Principles (Article 48A) and Fundamental Duties (Article 51A(g)) reinforce environmental stewardship. The National Green Tribunal further streamlines dispute resolution. Critics fear judicial activism may hamper development if not balanced with socio-economic needs. However, the overarching consensus is that safeguarding environment is intrinsic to constitutional promises of life quality, requiring sustainable governance approaches that integrate ecology with progress.

Practice Questions

राष्ट्रपति को हटाने की प्रक्रिया किस अनुच्छेद में प्रावधिक है?

आपातकाल की स्थिति में राज्य सरकारों के अधिकार किस अनुच्छेद में वर्णित हैं?

राष्ट्रपति की अनुपस्थिति में संसद में किस सत्र को आयोजित किया जाता है?

Who is the first woman President of India?

Which of the following is a feature of the Indian Constitution?

भारत का संविधान किस वर्ष अपनाया गया था?

Which of the following is a power of the Vice President of India?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Indian Constitution?

किस अनुच्छेद के तहत नागरिकों को वर्गीय भेदभाव से सुरक्षा मिलती है?

राज्यपाल के कर्तव्य किस अनुच्छेद में दिए गए हैं?