Topic Details (Notes format)

Right to Privacy: Puttaswamy Judgment

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

In 2017, the Supreme Court declared privacy a fundamental right under Article 21, overturning previous rulings. It reasoned that personal autonomy, confidentiality, and dignity are inseparable from “life and personal liberty.” This ruling influenced data protection debates, Aadhaar’s validity, and various personal liberty cases. The Court mandated that restrictions on privacy must meet tests of legality, necessity, and proportionality. The government introduced a data protection bill to regulate data collection and usage. Still, balancing privacy with national security or public welfare remains complex. The Puttaswamy verdict reaffirms India’s constitutional commitment to evolving interpretations of fundamental rights in a digital era.

Practice Questions

Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to life and personal liberty?

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Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression?

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Which of the following provisions of the Indian Constitution is related to the financial emergency?

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