Topic Details (Notes format)

Subordinate Courts and District Judiciary

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Includes district courts, sessions courts, family courts, and other specialized tribunals. The district judge oversees judicial functions in civil and criminal matters, with sessions courts handling serious criminal cases. States also establish special courts for juveniles or consumer issues. These courts are supervised by the High Court, ensuring consistency in legal standards. The idea is to provide easy access to justice at the grassroots, though backlogs and resource constraints often hamper efficiency. Judicial reforms focus on fast-track courts, alternative dispute resolution methods (Lok Adalat, mediation), and e-courts to expedite case disposal. Understanding subordinate courts reveals the practical mechanics of India’s judicial system.

Practice Questions

किस अनुच्छेद के तहत नागरिकों को वर्गीय भेदभाव से सुरक्षा मिलती है?

न्यायिक समीक्षा किस सिद्धांत पर आधारित है?

मौलिक अधिकारों के उल्लंघन पर तत्काल न्यायिक राहत किस अनुच्छेद में दी जाती है?

राज्यों के बीच मतभेदों का समाधान किस प्रावधान के तहत किया जाता है?

Which of the following is a provision related to the financial powers of the Parliament?

Who was the first President of India?

न्यायपालिका की स्वतंत्रता सुनिश्चित करने के लिए किस प्रावधान को शामिल किया गया है?

Who has the authority to dissolve the Rajya Sabha?

संविधान संशोधन की प्रक्रिया में संसद के प्रत्येक सदन में कितने प्रतिशत मतों की आवश्यकता होती है?

What is the maximum number of members in the Legislative Assembly of a state?