Topic Details (Notes format)

Subordinate Courts and District Judiciary

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Includes district courts, sessions courts, family courts, and other specialized tribunals. The district judge oversees judicial functions in civil and criminal matters, with sessions courts handling serious criminal cases. States also establish special courts for juveniles or consumer issues. These courts are supervised by the High Court, ensuring consistency in legal standards. The idea is to provide easy access to justice at the grassroots, though backlogs and resource constraints often hamper efficiency. Judicial reforms focus on fast-track courts, alternative dispute resolution methods (Lok Adalat, mediation), and e-courts to expedite case disposal. Understanding subordinate courts reveals the practical mechanics of India’s judicial system.

Practice Questions

विधान सभा अध्यक्ष की योग्यता किस आधार पर निर्धारित होती है?

भारत का राष्ट्रपति किस प्रक्रिया द्वारा चुना जाता है?

लोकसभा का चुनाव किस प्रकार से होता है?

Which of the following is the longest-serving political party in India?

Who among the following was the first woman Governor of an Indian state?

राज्य सरकारों के अधिकार किस अनुच्छेद में वर्णित हैं?

संसद सदस्यों का वेतन और भत्ता किस अनुच्छेद में निर्धारित है?

What is the term of office for a Governor of a state in India?

आपातकाल की घोषणा किस अनुच्छेद के तहत की जा सकती है?

What is the term of office of a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA)?